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洞熊学校を卒業した三人The Three Who Graduated from the Cave Bear School

Horaguma Gakkou o Sotsugyou Shita Sannin

by 宮沢 賢治 · Miyazawa Kenji

JLPT N1Short StoryClassical / archaicQuiz ready

Three whimsical graduates from a cave bear school learn life lessons

About this story

Three animal students compete for top honors at a cave bear school, each winning by different means.

Read a sample in Japanese

※赤い手の長い蜘蛛と、銀色のなめくじと、顔を洗ったことのない狸が、いっしょに洞熊学校に入りました。洞熊先生の教えることは三つでした。一年生のときは、うさぎと亀のかけくらのことで、も一つは大きいものがいちばん立派だということでした。それから三人はみんな一番になろうと一生けん命競争しました。一年生のときは、なめくじと狸がしじゅう遅刻して罰を食ったために蜘蛛が一番になった。なめくじと狸とは泣いて悔しがった。二年生のときは、洞熊先生が点数の勘定を間違ったために、なめくじが一番になり蜘蛛と狸とは歯ぎしりして悔しがった。三年生の試験のときは、あんまりあたりが明るいために洞熊先生が涙をこぼして眼をつぶってばかりいたものですから、狸は本を見て書きました。そして狸が一番になりました。そこで赤い手長の蜘蛛と、銀色のなめくじと、それから顔を洗ったことのない狸が、一しょに洞熊学校を卒業しました。
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Source

This text comes from Aozora Bunko (青空文庫), the volunteer-run library of Japanese writing that is out of copyright. See this work on Aozora Bunko

Base edition (底本): 「新修宮沢賢治全集 第十一巻」筑摩書房
1979(昭和54)年11月15日初版第1刷発行
1983(昭和58)年12月20日初版第5刷発行

Typed in by 林 幸雄. Proofread by 土屋隆.

Yomimaru changed the spelling to modern kana and modern kanji, and replaced classical grammar and some archaic words with modern ones.

The furigana are Yomimaru's.

What you'll learn

The spider returns home hungry, builds a small web, catches and eats a mayfly, then a female spider joins him. They have many children, but most die. The spider becomes vice-chairman of the insect club, but eventually his greed leads to rotting and being washed away by rain.

The slug tricks a snail into sumo wrestling and eats him, then does the same to a lizard by pretending to heal him. He grows huge and mocks the spider, but the spider retorts. A frog challenges the slug to sumo, throws salt on him, and the slug melts away.

The raccoon, pretending to be a religious figure, tricks a rabbit by biting off its ears and legs, claiming it's the will of the Mountain Cat deity. He later does the same to a wolf, eating him entirely. However, the wolf's rice seeds sprout in the raccoon's stomach, causing him to swell and burst.

Language difficultyAdvanced · 75/100

Key vocabulary

蜘蛛 (くも)spider
なめくぢslug
狸 (たぬき)raccoon dog, tanuki

Grammar points you'll meet

  • ~ために N3Indicates purpose: 'in order to'
    蜘蛛はもう一生けん命であちこちに十も網をかけたり、夜も見はりをしたりしました。
  • ~ながら N4Indicates simultaneous actions: 'while'
    一生けん命糸をたぐり出して、やっと小さな二銭銅貨位の網をかけた。

Cultural notes

  • 洞熊学校A fictional school run by a 'cave bear' teacher, reflecting the old Japanese education system with strict discipline and competition.

Try a comprehension question

What does the spider catch first after building his web?

  1. A young horsefly
  2. A blind mayfly
  3. A female spider
  4. A dragonfly
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Sensei's reading tip

Pay attention to archaic verb endings like ~う (volitional) and ~ぬ (negative).

Topics & grammar

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