作品Free Graded Reading
青年と死Youth and Death
Seinen to Shi
by 芥川 竜之介 · Akutagawa Ryūnosuke
A palace mystery: invisible lovers impregnate ladies; two youths debate death.
About this story
Two eunuchs in the imperial palace discuss a baffling phenomenon: concubines are giving birth every month despite no man being able to enter the inner court. The only clue is the concubines' claim that an invisible lover visits them. This mysterious dialogue sets the stage for a story that explores the boundaries between life and death.
Read a sample in Japanese
Source
This text comes from Aozora Bunko (青空文庫), the volunteer-run library of Japanese writing that is out of copyright. See this work on Aozora Bunko
Base edition (底本): 「芥川龍之介全集1」ちくま文庫、筑摩書房
1986(昭和61)年9月24日第1刷発行
1995(平成7)年10月5日第13刷発行
Typed in by 野口英司.
Yomimaru has not changed the spelling or the wording.
The furigana are Yomimaru's.
What you'll learn
Two eunuchs discuss the strange phenomenon of concubines becoming pregnant despite the harem being isolated from men. They consider that an invisible man may be visiting them and decide to spread sand to catch his footprints.
Maids spread sand across the area, completing the task and moving to the corridor.
Two young men, A and B, engage in a philosophical debate about life, death, and the search for truth. A argues that awareness of death gives life meaning, while B wants to avoid such thoughts. They decide to put on invisible cloaks and go out.
Key vocabulary
| 宦官 | eunuch |
|---|---|
| 身重 | pregnant |
| 欺罔 | deception, fraud |
| アートマン | Atman (Hindu concept of self) |
| マントル | mantle (cloak) |
Grammar points you'll meet
- ~のですか N5Used to seek explanation or confirmation, often in a questioning tone.
相手がわからないのですか。
- ~ではないか N3Rhetorical question meaning 'Isn't it that ~' or expressing surprise/emphasis.
無意味なものはないじゃあないか。
- ~て見る N5Try doing ~ to see the result.
物は試しですからまあやって見るのですね。
- ~ず N3Classical/literary negative form equivalent to ~ないで or ~ずに.
すべて背景を用いない。
- ~てしまう N4Indicates completion or regrettable outcome.
さあすっかりまいてしまいました。
Cultural notes
- ウパニシャッド哲学Reference to the Upanishads, ancient Indian philosophical texts central to Hinduism. The characters mention 'Atman' and 'Upanishad philosophy', reflecting the intellectual interests of early 20th century Japanese writers like Akutagawa.
- 龍樹菩薩Nagarjuna, an influential Buddhist philosopher. The play ends with a note referencing a legend about him, linking the themes of emptiness and illusion to the narrative.
- 後宮
Try a comprehension question
What do the eunuchs decide to do to catch the invisible visitor?
- Spread sand to find footprints
- Increase the number of guards
- Question the concubines more thoroughly
- Set a trap with nets
Sensei's reading tip
Read the dialogue aloud to grasp the rhythmic, theatrical quality and emotional nuances.
Topics & grammar
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