作品さくひんFree Graded Reading

青年と死Youth and Death

Seinen to Shi

by 芥川 竜之介 · Akutagawa Ryūnosuke

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A palace mystery: invisible lovers impregnate ladies; two youths debate death.

About this story

Two eunuchs in the imperial palace discuss a baffling phenomenon: concubines are giving birth every month despite no man being able to enter the inner court. The only clue is the concubines' claim that an invisible lover visits them. This mysterious dialogue sets the stage for a story that explores the boundaries between life and death.

Read a sample in Japanese

×すべて背景はいけいを用もちいない。宦官かんがんが二に人にん話はなしながら出でて来くる。――今月こんげつも生うみ月つきになっている妃きさきが六ろく人にんいるのですからね。身重みおもになっているのを勘定かんじょうしたら何なん十じゅう人にんいるかわかりませんよ。――それは皆みな、相手あいてがわからないのですか。――一いち人にんもわからないのです。一体いったい妃ひたちは私わたしたちよりほかに男おとこの足あしぶみの出来できない後宮こうきゅうにいるのですからそんな事ことの出来できる訣はないのですがね。それでも月々つきづき子こを生うむ妃きさきがあるのだから驚おどろきます。――誰だれか忍しのんで来くる男おとこがあるのじゃありませんか。――私わたしも始はじめはそう思おもったのです。所ところがいくら番ばんの兵士へいしの数かずをふやしても、妃きさきたちの子こを生うむのは止とまりません。――妃きさきたちに訊きいてもわかりませんか。――それが妙みょうなのです。色々いろいろ訊きいて見みると、忍しのんで来くる男おとこがあるにはある。けれども、それは声こえばかりで姿すがたは見みえないと云いうのです。――成なる程ほど、それは不思議ふしぎですね。――まるで嘘うそのような話はなしです。
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Source

This text comes from Aozora Bunko (青空文庫), the volunteer-run library of Japanese writing that is out of copyright. See this work on Aozora Bunko

Base edition (底本): 「芥川龍之介全集1」ちくま文庫、筑摩書房
1986(昭和61)年9月24日第1刷発行
1995(平成7)年10月5日第13刷発行

Typed in by 野口英司.

Yomimaru has not changed the spelling or the wording.

The furigana are Yomimaru's.

What you'll learn

Two eunuchs discuss the strange phenomenon of concubines becoming pregnant despite the harem being isolated from men. They consider that an invisible man may be visiting them and decide to spread sand to catch his footprints.

Maids spread sand across the area, completing the task and moving to the corridor.

Two young men, A and B, engage in a philosophical debate about life, death, and the search for truth. A argues that awareness of death gives life meaning, while B wants to avoid such thoughts. They decide to put on invisible cloaks and go out.

Language difficultyExpert · 88/100

Key vocabulary

宦官かんがんeunuch
身重みおもpregnant
欺罔ぎもうdeception, fraud
アートマンAtman (Hindu concept of self)
マントルmantle (cloak)

Grammar points you'll meet

  • ~のですか N5Used to seek explanation or confirmation, often in a questioning tone.
  • ~ではないか N3Rhetorical question meaning 'Isn't it that ~' or expressing surprise/emphasis.
  • ~て見る N5Try doing ~ to see the result.
  • ~ず N3Classical/literary negative form equivalent to ~ないで or ~ずに.
  • ~てしまう N4Indicates completion or regrettable outcome.

Cultural notes

  • ウパニシャッド哲学Reference to the Upanishads, ancient Indian philosophical texts central to Hinduism. The characters mention 'Atman' and 'Upanishad philosophy', reflecting the intellectual interests of early 20th century Japanese writers like Akutagawa.
  • 龍樹菩薩Nagarjuna, an influential Buddhist philosopher. The play ends with a note referencing a legend about him, linking the themes of emptiness and illusion to the narrative.
  • 後宮

Try a comprehension question

What do the eunuchs decide to do to catch the invisible visitor?

  1. Spread sand to find footprints
  2. Increase the number of guards
  3. Question the concubines more thoroughly
  4. Set a trap with nets
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Sensei's reading tip

Read the dialogue aloud to grasp the rhythmic, theatrical quality and emotional nuances.

Topics & grammar

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