作品Free Graded Reading
二つの手紙Two Letters
Futatsu no Tegami
by 芥川 竜之介 · Akutagawa Ryunosuke
Two mysterious letters lead to a shocking possession case in this classic mystery.
About this story
The narrator comes into possession of two letters addressed to a police chief. The first letter, written by a person insisting on their sanity, confesses a family secret that could damage their honor. The second letter continues the tense, confessional narrative.
Read a sample in Japanese
What you'll learn
The narrator, Sasaki Shinichiro, writes a long letter to the police chief, pleading to be believed that he is sane. He provides historical examples of doppelgängers, then describes three terrifying encounters with his own double and his wife's double, and explains how he finally confessed to his wife.
Key vocabulary
| ドッペルゲンゲル | doppelgänger |
|---|---|
| 二重人格 (にじゅうじんかく) | dual personality |
| 幻影 (げんえい) | phantom, apparition |
| 正気 (しょうき) | sanity, right mind |
| 錯愕 (さくがく) | astonishment, amazement |
Grammar points you'll meet
- ~なければならない N4Must do; have to. Used to express obligation.私は一家の秘密をも、閣下の前に暴露しなければならないからでございます。
- ~てしまう N4Indicates completion or regret of an action.二つの幻影は、電車のかげになった刹那に、どこかへ見えなくなってしまったのでございます。
- ~かもしれない N4Might be; possibly. Expresses uncertainty.あるいはまた、ドッペルゲンゲルと云う現象が、その疑を解くためには余りに異常すぎたせいもあるのに相違ございません。
- ~ものだ N3Used to express general truth, reminiscence, or expectation.そうして、その語通り、翌日の午後六時に、静に息をひきとりました。
- ~に違いない N2Must be; certainly. Expresses strong conviction.私の顔色は確かに、灰のようになっていたのに相違ございません。
Cultural notes
- Doppelgänger LoreIn European folklore, a doppelgänger is a double or look-alike of a living person, often seen as an omen of bad luck or death. The narrator references several historical accounts, such as Catherine the Great and Goethe, to support the validity of such phenomena.
- Historical Examples in the LetterThe narrator cites Dr. Werner's accounts of a jeweler meeting his double and a professor seeing his own doppelgänger before death, as well as other cases from Stilling and others, to argue that his experiences are not unique.
Try a comprehension question
What is the narrator's profession?
- Police chief
- Teacher of ethics and English at a private university
- Doctor
- Writer
Sensei's reading tip
Pay attention to the polite language markers (e.g., でございます, 致します) that indicate the formal letter format.
Topics & grammar
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